![]() The idea for this type of attack took shape late in 1944 as Allied air and sea power continued to systematically crush the Japanese war machine. The Ohka 22 was a human-guided missile specifically designed to allow a pilot with rudimentary training to crash himself at high speed into an Allied warship. Unlike the Ohka 11, the Ohka 22 never became operational. Allied forces recovered the Ohka 22 in Japan in 1945. While several rocket-powered Ohka 11s still exist, this Ohka 22 is the only surviving version powered by a motor-jet, which consisted of a reciprocating engine that pressurized a combustion chamber into which fuel was injected and ignited. Plans were afoot in 1944 to adapt a version of the Yokosuka P1Y Ginga (Milky Way, Allied codename FRANCIS, see NASM collection) to carry the Model 22. The Ohka (Cherry Blossom) Model 22 was designed to allow a pilot with minimal training to drop from a Japanese navy bomber and guide his aircraft with its warhead at high speed into an Allied warship. By war's end, 3,913 Japanese pilots had died making Tokko attacks. To the Allies, they became known as the kamikaze. The Japanese used the word Tokko-tai (Special Attack) to describe these units. ![]() Near the end of World War II, Vice Admiral Onishi Takijiro recommended that the Japanese navy form special groups of men and aircraft to attack the American warships gathering to conduct amphibious landings in the Philippines. View Manifest View in Mirador Viewer Usage conditions may apply Usage conditions may apply ![]() For more information, visit the Smithsonian's Terms of Use page. View Manifest View in Mirador Viewer Usage Conditions May Apply Usage Conditions Apply There are restrictions for re-using this media. IIIF provides researchers rich metadata and image viewing options for comparison of works across cultural heritage collections. Usage Conditions May Apply Usage Conditions Apply There are restrictions for re-using this media. ![]()
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